10 Red Flags That You're Eating Too Much Sodium

Sodium is important for health—but it is possible to have too much of a good thing. “The sodium found in salt is an important electrolyte needed for muscle contractions, nerve impulses and balancing hydration in the body,” clinical dietitian Amanda Meadows tells Houston Methodist. “This makes sodium an essential mineral, but your body only needs so much of it. Many people eat more salt than the body needs and, over time, there are consequences to this.” Here are10 red flags you’re eating too much sodium.

High Blood Pressure

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Too much sodium can cause high blood pressure. “As your blood volume increases, your heart has to work harder to pump blood throughout your body,” Meadows says. “This then increases pressure in your arteries. What's more is that when the heart is pumping harder, it places pressure on the vessels in every organ, including the kidneys.”

Poor Sleep

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Too much sodium can disrupt sleep. “Eating too much sodium (especially in the evening) can mess with your sleep,” says the Cleveland Clinic. “A spike in blood pressure and sudden urges to get a drink or pee can interrupt your ZZZs.”

Bloating

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Bloating could be a sign of too much sodium. “If your kidneys can't eliminate the salt you're taking in from your diet, sodium starts to build up in your body,” Meadows says. “And when you're holding on to more sodium, your body tries to dilute it with water — increasing your blood volume and causing you to retain fluid.”

Increased Thirst

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Sodium can cause increased thirst. “Recent research shows that higher levels of sodium won’t necessarily cause people to be thirstier,” says the Cleveland Clinic. “But despite that, some people can’t help but chug down more liquids after eating salty foods.”

Heart Disease and Stroke

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Too much sodium can cause heart disease, experts warn. “Eating too much sodium can increase your blood pressure and your risk for heart disease and stroke,” says the CDC. “Together, heart disease and stroke kill more Americans each year than any other cause.”

Kidney Issues

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Too much sodium can put pressure on the kidneys. “In most people, the kidneys have trouble keeping up with excess sodium in the blood,” according to Harvard University. “As sodium accumulates, the body holds onto water to dilute the sodium. This increases both the amount of fluid surrounding cells and the volume of blood in the bloodstream.”

Fatigue

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Too much sodium can cause chronic fatigue. “Eating a meal that’s high in sodium at dinnertime can contribute to sleep disturbances, in part due to an increase in blood pressure and fluid retention,” Sandra Darling, DO, MPH, tells the Cleveland Clinic. “The result may be restless sleep, frequent awakenings and not feeling rested in the morning. I’ve experienced this first hand after going out for pizza. It’s a treat and a fun night out, but the after-effects are not fun. With too much salt in your bloodstream you may not sleep well that night — and feel tired or groggy the next day.”

Headaches

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Too much sodium can cause dehydration, which can trigger headaches. “These headaches tend to be more painful than a mild one, giving a throbbing sensation as the blood vessels are being expanded,” nutritionist Pippa Hill tells The Independent. “They tend to come on between an hour or two after you’ve eaten, as sodium levels rise through the body.”

Swollen Hands and Feet

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Swollen feet and hands could be a sign of excess sodium. “When too much salt is consumed, the body retains the extra sodium and increases the fluid outside of the cells,” registered associate nutritionist Olivia Burley tells The Independent. “This causes the kidneys to have reduced function, remove less water and therefore increase blood pressure.”

Brittle Bones

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Some studies suggest too much sodium can raise the risk of bones weakening. “Excessive sodium intake appears to be a risk factor for bone fragility,” says Kiyoko Nawata, PhD, via Science Daily. “It is therefore important to consider excessive sodium intake in dietary therapy for osteoporosis.” And if you enjoyed this article, take advantage of these 15 Quick Ways to Lose Body Fat Percentage in a Week.

Are ultra-processed foods causing you to look and feel terrible? “Health consequences of ultra-processed foods are dire,” preventive cardiologist Stephen Devries, MD, tells the American Medical Association. “The stakes are high because ultra-processed foods are so widely consumed. Recent data shows that 57% of caloric intake in adults comes from ultra-processed foods. For children, it’s sadly even higher, with 67% of their daily calories coming from relatively empty, ultra-processed foods. These alarming statistics go a long way to explain the record-breaking prevalence of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and all of the adverse health consequences that follow.” According to experts, these are the warning signs that you may be consuming too many processed foods.

Weight Gain

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Processed foods are terrible for your health and could counter your weight loss. “Ultra-processed foods are the perfect storm to promote overconsumption and weight gain,” says Dr. Devries. “They are laboratory engineered to maximize appeal, are calorie-dense, and have little or no fiber or other healthful nutrients.”

Thirsty All the Time

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Processed foods are linked to dehydration. “When it comes to sodium, people often comment they don't put salt on their food,” says the Mayo Clinic. “As it turns out, you don't even need to because manufacturers have already added salt for you — and too much, in fact. The Dietary Guidelines also recommends less than 2,300 milligrams of sodium per day. So look for low- or reduced-sodium foods.”

Constant Headaches

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Processed foods could trigger migraines. “Around 5% of people with migraines may develop a headache shortly after consuming processed meat products,” according to West Tennessee Healthcare. “This type of headache has been dubbed a ‘hot dog headache.’ Researchers believe that nitrites, a group of preservatives that includes potassium nitrite and sodium nitrite, maybe the reason why. These preservatives are often found in processed meat.”

Feeling Bloated

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If you’re always feeling bloated, processed foods could be to blame. “Many processed foods are high in sodium, which makes your body retain water and can cause your stomach to feel bloated,” Stacy Loudon, ACSM-CPT, tells South Lake Hospital. “Sugary foods and snacks break down in your body and can make you gassy. Even what you drink can upset your stomach.”

Bad Skin

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Your diet could be ruining your skin. “If you’re like most Americans, you consume plenty of high-glycemic foods and beverages,” says the American Academy of Dermatology. “These foods and beverages raise your blood sugar quickly. Examples include white bread, corn flakes, puffed rice, potato chips, white potatoes or fries, doughnuts or other pastries, sugary drinks such as milkshakes, and white rice.”

High Blood Sugar

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Studies show that heavily processed foods are linked to diabetes. “The risk for developing diabetes went up 15% for a 10-percentage-point increase in the amount of ultra-processed food in the diet,” says Harvard Health. “The connection held up even after scientists accounted for known risk factors for diabetes, such as weight and physical activity. The takeaway: Skip processed foods in favor of whole foods, including lots of vegetables, fruits, legumes, and whole grains.”

High Blood Pressure

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Studies link processed foods to high blood pressure. “There is a wealth of research indicating the many negative implications a diet high in ultra-processed food can have on our health,” says Professor Graham MacGregor, Chair of Blood Pressure UK. “This is an important study that shows specifically how ultra-processed food can have a direct impact on our blood pressure. These findings further emphasize the importance of eating a healthy, balanced diet that’s high in fruit, vegetables, and whole grains, low in salt, and with a minimal amount of ultra-processed food.”

Tired All the Time

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Consuming too much ultra-processed foods can lead to constant fatigue and low energy. “If you experience an afternoon slump or just feel tired a lot of the time despite getting enough sleep, it’s possible your eating habits are contributing to low energy levels,” Samantha Cassetty, RD, tells TODAY. “Heavily processed and sugary foods are some of the biggest dietary culprits that can lead to fatigue.”

Bad Sleep

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Ultra-processed foods are linked to poor sleep quality. “Researchers found that eating an unhealthy diet high in processed food can affect people's deep sleep (also known as slow-wave sleep),” according to Harvard Health. “During this sleep stage, the pituitary gland in the brain releases a burst of growth hormone, which helps build and repair muscles, bones, and other tissues.”

Always Hungry

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Ultra-processed foods are usually devoid of essential nutrients and are designed to be over-consumed. “Unbeknownst to many people, the foods we buy have a lot of toxic additives lurking in them,” Amy Shah, MD, tells CNBC. “This means they’ve been altered in ways that actually make you hungrier and hijack the brain to worsen your emotional eating habits.”

Bad Teeth

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Processed junk food is terrible for your oral health. “If you are what you eat, that's even more true for your teeth and gums,” says the University of Rochester Medical Center. “When you drink and eat starchy or sugary foods, you're not only feeding yourself. You're also feeding the germs (bacteria) that can cause tooth decay and gum disease in your mouth.”

Your Hair Is Falling Out

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Good nutrition is important for healthy, strong hair. “Consuming adequate vitamins and minerals is important to preventing and managing hair loss,” Jennifer Fisher, MMSc, PA-C, tells Harvard Health. “Most people can cover all their nutritional needs through a healthy, balanced diet.”

You’re Depressed

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Research shows consuming ultra-processed foods is linked to a higher risk of developing depression. “This is no surprise. There is a connection between our mood and the foods that we eat,” Susan Albers, PsyD, tells the Cleveland Clinic. “What we eat every day is a daily investment in how we feel.”

High Cholesterol

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Ultra-processed foods are linked to high levels of bad LDL cholesterol levels. "What it really all boils down to is that you shouldn't eat fake food — things that don't rot, packaged items full of added sugar, and foods with ingredients you can't pronounce." Dr. Joshua Septimus tells Houston Methodist. "I think a lot of people don't realize that insulin resistance and high cholesterol are linked. If you eat a lot of processed foods, particularly sugar-sweetened beverages, that will drive your cholesterol up."

Fertility Issues

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Research shows consuming too much processed food can negatively impact your fertility. “If your diet consists mostly of fast food, sodas, processed meats, and refined carbs, you may want to make some changes,” according to UNC Fertility Clinic. “Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (like sodas) has been linked to lower fertility for both men and women. Additionally, studies have shown that women who consume large amounts of fast food and little produce can take longer to become pregnant than women with healthier diets.”

Digestion Problems

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Consuming too much ultra-processed food can impact your gut health. “Ultra-processed foods contain large quantities of saturated fat and trans-fat, added sugar, salt, and food additives that seriously affect the gut and physical health,” gastroenterologist Preeya Goyal tells PIH Health. “Since the body doesn’t have to do much to digest the food, the gut readily absorbs things like sugar, which can cause spikes in blood glucose levels when digested quickly.” And if you enjoyed this article, take advantage of these 15 Quick Ways to Lose Body Fat Percentage in a Week.